Nail making



(No Model.)

F. P. NAIL MAKING, DISTRI No. 414,582.

Patented Nov. 5, 1889.,

MTNEssEsu PETERS. Mldlmnplwr. Wnhhgtun. n. c.

(No Modem r 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d. NAIL MAKING, DISTRIBUTING, AND DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 414,582. Patented Nov; 5, 1889.

I -'*Im- I 11 In. q

5 g m 7. 3,33% m" 7 i -i guii'l'mmiimm. mam-- HE WITNESSES, I VENTEIR (No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 3.

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d. NAIL MAKING, DISTRIBUTING, AND DRIVING MACHINE.

$70,414,582. Patented Nov. 5, 1889.

' WITNESSES- 5 5 FE" INVENTBR- (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

P. P. RAYMOND, 2d. NAIL-MAKING, DISTRIBUTING, AND DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 414,582.. Patented Nov. 5, 1889.'

- F WITNE'SEE- |N\/ENTE| R Q W QM I {N0 Modei.) N 5 Sheets-Sheet 5' P. IEKRAYMOND, 2d. NAIL MAKING, DISTRIBUTING, AND DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 414 582. Patented Nov. 5, 1889.,

\A/lTNESSES- N, Perms Mum mphvr. wm m no UNITED STATES PATENT FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2D, OF NEXVTON, MASSACHIISETTS.

NAIL MAKING, DISTRIBUTING, AND DRIVING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,582, dated November 5, 1889.

' Application filed June 24, 1889. Serial No. 315,320. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2d, of Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Nail lllaking'Distributing, and Driving Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to a machine for distributing, making, and driving nails as a gang or group; and it comprises devices for feeding a number of nail-forming rods or wires into a nail-carrier or templet, the holes of which are arranged in the order or form in which the nails are driven as a gang or group.

The invention also relates to means for guiding or directing the gang or group of nailmaking wires or rods from the feeding devices to the said holes in said templet or nailcarrier.

The invention further relates to mechanism for cut-ting or severing the ends of the Wires or rods into the length of the nails desired after the wires or rods havebeen arranged in the order or form into which it is desired that the nails be driven, and which severing or cutting mechanism -preferably is arranged immediately above the templet or nail-carrier.

It further relates to the employment, in connection with or as forming a part of said nailsevering devices, of dies which act to form re duced sections in the wires or rods by the severing of the previously-pointed ends of the wires or rods becoming the pointed ends of the next nails in order, and which point-forming devices preferably cooperate with the nail-severing devices.

It further relates to the association, in an organized machine, of nail feeding and making devices of the character specified with the nail-driving devices.

It further relates to various details of organization and construction, all of which will hereinafter be described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view, part in elevation and part in cross vertical section,

of a machine having the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view to illustrate a portion of the mechanism for severing the nails from the ends of the nail-forming wires or rods. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of the nail-making devices. Fig. 4 represents the association of said devices with nail-driving devices; and Fig. 5 is a view in plan of the block through which the wires or rods are fed, and to which reference will hereinafter be made. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are detail views. Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 represent modifications, to which reference will be hereinafter made.

The wires or rods a (see Figs. 1 and 3) are carried upon suitable reels, and are fed simultaneously by the feed-rolls A A. (See Fig. 1 and in dotted lines Fig. The feedroll A carries a ratchet-wheel CL, which is engaged by a feed-pawl o carried by the lever 033, having its fulcrum a upon the end of the feed-roll shaft, and the lever a is reciprocated by means of the crank a upon the pulley-shaft B and the connecting-rod a, (See Fig. From a point immediately below the converging point of the feed-rolls there extend a number of tubes C, the upper ends of which are held in a cross-plate c, and the lower ends of which extend into the block 0" These tubes are curved or bent to bring their lower ends 0 into any desired form'or arrangement in which it is intended that the nails shall be driven, and each tube contains a guiding hole or passage-c and receives one of the nail making wires or rods a, and the wires are fed by the feed-rolls A A through the passages of said tubes, and are guided by said tubes, each wire in a separate tube, to the holes 0 in the block 0'. Below the block 0 is the nail-carrier or templet D, which has nail-receiving holes cl, and which,when a nail-. carrier, may also have thesliding hole-covering plate 11-, which is held closed until the nails are delivered to the teinplet or to a driving position, when it is opened to permit them to be delivered or to be driven. The upper part of the block D is faced with the steel plate (Z Between this steel plate and the lower surface 0 of the block 0, I have arranged the nail severing and pointing devices. They are illustrated as comprising a block E, fastened to the block 0, and which is stationary, and the jaws E E which are horizontally movable in relation to the block E. The

block E has formed in its edge sections of holes or dies 6, which form a continuation of the holes 0 of the block 0, and each jaw E E has its edge e shaped to conform to the edge of the block E, and also has sections 6 of holes or dies which are also, when closed, in line with portions of said holes 0.

In operation, the jaws E E being open and the wires having been fed through the holes of the block 0 into the holes d of the nail-carrier or templet, the jaws are closed upon the wires, and they may act in these capacities: First, they may serve to tightly clamp or hold the wires in the holes 2 6 the said holes being of a shape and form to act as clampingjaws, while the nail-carrier or templet D, by a horizontalmovement in relation to the jaws, acts asa cut-off block in severing the ends of the nail forming wires or rods while they are held clamped or grasped by the jaws and npona line between the upper surface of the steel plated and the lower or under surface of. the jaws, or the jaws may act topartially sever orcut the nail-forming wires or rods,.in which case the surfaces of.the holes 6 e are shaped to make the deepest indentation or cut in the wires or rods upon a line with the under surface thereof, and in which event the nail-holder block or templet D will also act as a severing device, and is operated to sever the ends of the wires after they have beenfthus reduced in section or weakened by the jaws, or the jaws may serve to form pointforming sections, in addition to partia ly severing them, or at the same time partly sever: ing or cutting through the same, substantially as represented in Fig. 1, where the sections e are represented as parts of point-forming dies, andthe sections 8 as the other or companion parts thereof, the two sections acting to make point-forming sections in the wire and at the same-time to reducethe thickness thereof,so

that previously-pointed sections fed into the holes 61 of the nail-carrier or templet D are either completely severed or very nearly severed, so that the horizontal movement of the nail-carrier or templet completes the cutting or severing of the previously-pointed nails from the pointed ends of the wires or rods tween the two arms 6 e.

which are held in the point-forming dies.

In, Fig. 7 I have represented an enlarged view of the point. forming-and severing dies. The jaws E E 'are represented as pivoted at'e ,.and the jaw E has the arm e ,'and the dies 6 e serve toeither point and, partially jaw'E the arm e These arms extend between the vertical shafts e 6 The shaft. (2 bears a Wiper-cam e and, the shaft 6 a wiper-cam e, and the rotation of the shafts serves to bring these cams in contact with the edges of the arms 6 e and to move them toward each other, and the two members 6 eof each severing device or pairof dies into contact with each other. (See Fig. 2.) Thejaws are opened or moved apart from each other, and. the block E by a spring 0. interposed be- (See Fig. 2.) The shafts e 6 each have. a bevel-gear a, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) which engage, respectively, with bevel-gears e e upon the pulley-shaftB.

The nail-carrier D is represented in Fig. 4 as movable in relation to the wire feeding and severing devices by means of a cam F upon a vertical shaft f, having a cam-groove f, in which a cam-pin) on the nail-carrier plate extends. This cam serves to move the nail-carrier or templet from the wire-severing devices to a position under the gang of drivers f i I would say that I do not confine myself to the especial form of the severing devices herein specified, the essential feature of this part of the invention being that the nailforming rods or wires, either pointed or unpointed, are fed into the holes of thenail-car- 'rier or. templet preferably in a form orarrangement for driving before they are severed, as by thismeans the nails are-fed posi- \tively and directly by the feedofv the nail wires or rods into the order or arrangement for driving, and intothe holes of a. block from which they are directly driven, or. from whichthey are directly delivered to the templet, from which they are driven.

It is obvious that the machine is operative without the guiding-tubes O, as wires can be fed by the feed-rolls directly from the holes .of the block 0'; but for some reasonsI prefer to use the tubes.

In operation the nail-forming wires are fed by the wire-feeding rolls through the holes of the guiding-block into the holes of the nail-carrier or templet, and this is immediately followed by the closing movement of the grasping, cutting, or pointing devices and the lateral movement of the nail-holder or templet. Upon the delivery and driving of the nails the nail holder or templet is. returned to its original position, the severing devices are opened to permit the feeding of the wires or rods, and the wires or rods are then fed, and. the operation. proceeds, as before.

rod a is connected with the pawl-lever a ina manner to permit it to be moved radially in relation to the center of the shaft a and this construction-permits the stroke of the lever a to bevaried, and consequently the feedof the wires, so that they may be variedoradj usted to provide nails varyingin length.

It will beseen that where the cutters or of the cutters or dies into the holes d.

I have represented the jaws E Eas swinging on an'arc of a circle. I would say, however, that I do not confine myself to this It will be seen that the upper end of the movement, as they may have a straight sliding movement toward and from each other. I have represented also the employment of but two movable jaws. There may be used, however, a larger number-that is, three or four-according to the motion which the jaws have imparted to them. For instance, if the movement is a sliding movement, then four jaws would be desirable, one to act against each side of the stationary jaw, and one against the back end thereof, and another against the front end. (See Fig. 11.)

In Fig. 7 I have shown in enlarged section the jaws and pointing-dies and the relation which they bear to the holes of -the block c and nailearrier when closed upon the wire.

Fig. 8 is a view in plan of the jaws E E, to represent the box form of pointing-die.

Fig. 9 is a view illustrating the jaws E E simply acting as clamps for holding the wire, the carrier then acting as a severing device. This would form a nail without a point.

10 represents the jaws as having dies provided with cutters which sever or partially sever the wire before the movement of the nail-carrier.

It will be observed that where the inner jaw E is stationary the holes in the block 0 and in the carrier are made somewhat larger to allow the feeding of the wire, especially where the dies similar to those represented in Figs. 7 and 10 are used.

I would say that in lieu of jaws tor severing the wires there may be used any other cutting or severing instrument.

Fig. 11 represents the pointing-jaws as arranged to operate between the block 0' and the nail-carrier D, acting, as the jaws 6 act, in connection with the part E, excepting that they have straight horizontal movements toward and from said part, instead of being movable upon a circular path.

In Fig. 12 I have represented the cutting devices as formed upon the ends of two or more levers, and as consist-ing of sharpened thin blades adapted to be moved between the two blocks a and D to sever the wires.

Figs. 13 and let represent the fastenings as severed by a rotary movement of the upper block a in relation to the lower block D, the upper block being supported to be turned and having an arm or handle by which it is partially rotated after thewires have been fed into the holes of the block D-that is, the block D and the block 0 act as shears. Both block 0 and the block D have opposing steel plates.

In Figs. 15 and 16 I have represented the the fastenings as separated from the ends of the wire by means of a saw passed and mov-' able across the space between the two blocks candD the saw represented in the drawings is a circular saw.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. The combination of feed-rolls for feeding a number of wires orrods, a block having holes or passages arranged in the order or form in which the nails are to be driven, a templet or nail-holder having holes of the same form or arrangement as that of the block, and interposed jaws arranged between the said block and the nail-holder or templet to act upon the wires or rods, as specified, as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination of the block 0, having holes or passages 0 arranged in the order in which the nails are to be driven, a laterallymovable nail-carrier or templet I), having holes (1, and jaws arranged between the block 0 and the nail-holder or templet D to grasp and sever or partially sever the wire and hold the same, as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of nail rod or wire grasping-jaws adapted to clamp or clamp and sever or partially sever a series of nail" forming wires or rods above their ends, arranged in the order in which the nails formed therefrom are to be driven, with a laterallymovable nailholde'r or templet D, the holes (Z of which correspond to the severing or forming devices of the jaws, substantially as described.

4E. The combination of the teinplet or nailholder D, having the holes (Z arranged in the order in which nails are to be driven, a feeding devicesuch as a pair of long feed-rollsintermittingly operated for simultaneously feeding the ends of a group or gang of nail wires or rods to said holes (Z, and wire clamping, pointing, or severing devicessuch as the jaws E E E arranged above the said nailcarrier or teinplet to sever or partially sever the ends or nails from said rods or wires after they have been fed and located in the holes of said nail-carrier or templet, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a block having the holes 0 of the arrangement and form in which the nails are to be driven, nail wire or red feeding devicessuch as the rolls A A- for simultaneously feeding a number of said wires or rods through said holes, and jaws located or arrangedbeneath said block to operate, substantially as specified, upon said wires, as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the feed-rollsAA, the tubes G, having passages 0 the upper ends of which are upon the same line and the lower ends of which are arranged in the form in which the nails are to be driven, a block 0, having holes c in continuation of the passages of said tubes, the jaws E E E for operating upon the wires, as specified, and the laterally'movable nail-holder or templet D, having holes (Z, substantially as described.

7. In a nail making and distributing machine, in combination with devices for holding the ends of a group of wires in the form or arrangement in which the nails or fasten ings severed therefrom arc to be driven, a series of wire grasping, severing, or pointing cutters or dies movable across or upon said wires while so held, as and for thevpurposes described.

8. The combination,- with a multiple wirefeed and wire-guide forholding a series or number of wires in the. order in whichthe nails are to be driven, of the block 'E, having sections e of cutters or dies, the jaws E E having the sections e of' cutters or dies,and

the laterally-movable nail-carrier or templet D, substantially as described.-

9. The combination of thebloclc'E, having the sections 6 of dies or cutters, and the jaws E E having the sections 0 of dies or cutters, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the-block E, havingsections e of dies-or cutters, the jaws E E having the sections 6 of'd-iesor cutters, and

the arms 6* e and the jaw-cams R869, for 'closing said jaws, substantially as described.

11. Thecombination of the block E, having sections-e of dies-or cutters, the jaws E E having thesections e of dies or cutters, and the arms 6 e and the spring 6 for opening' said jaws, substantially as described.

12. The combination'of the block E, having sections e of dies or cutters, the jaws E E having the sections 6 of dies or cutters, and thearms 6 c and the-jaW-cams e? e, for closing said jaws, and-the spring e for op ening said jaws, substantially as described.

13. The combination of the main shaft B,

the feed-rolls A A, one of which is connected with thecrank a by means of the ratchet Ct,

pawl a ,1ever'a andconnectingrod a the block 0', having the holes a, the jaws E E 1 the nail-h older or templet D, havin g the holes cl, the bevel-gear e e and e e the shafts 6 6 the cams 6 6 subst-antiallyas described.-

1 1. The combination, with a gang-or group of nail-drivers, of a nail-holder or templet, a wire-feedfor feeding nail-formingwires into the holes of said templet, and wire grasping or severing jaws to simultaneously or substantially simultaneously act upon said wires to sever or partly sever thenails from the ends thereof and arranged immediately above the said templet or nail-carrier, whereby the wires are first fed to the holes of said templet before the'nails are severed'th eres from, 'substantially'as described. V

15. Thecombination of the nail-driving d'evices, a wire-feed for simultaneously feeding 'a gang or group of wires withitheir lower ends in the order or form inwhich n ails'are to be driven to the holes of the nailbarrier or templet,-a camfor moving saidnail-holder or templet'la'terallyyand wire-severingjjaivs or devices arranged immediately above said templet or nail-carrier tooperateto sever or partially sever the nails fromtheends of the wires or rods after they have been fed'to the holes of the templet or nail-carrier, substantially as described.

' 16. In a nail makingand distributing ma chine, the' wire grasping;- severing, or. pointing dies having their grasping-severing, or pointing cutters or dies:arranged th'ereonto operate upon thewires i'n'the orderor form in which the'nailsare to be driven, substan; 7o

-'tiallyas described. 17. The methodof distributing: and forinflening-blanks in the order in which they-are to be driven or used, substantially asde- I scribed.

18. The method of supplying a nail or-fast: ening carrier or block 'with'nailsor fasten ings arranged in theorder in which they-are to be driven or used, comprising-the feeding of a series of' wires or rods to theholes, of

said carrier arranged in the' order in which said nails or fastenings are to be used and then severing from said; wires or rods lengths 0 in said-holes-which, form nails'or fastenings,

substantially as described.

. FREEBORNF. RAYMOND',-2D,

Witnesses:

J. M. DOLAN,

A. B. MERRILL; 

